from the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
See other cases from the Fourth Circuit.
Argued. For petitioners: Michael R. Williams, Solicitor General, Charleston, W. Va.; and Hashim M. Mooppan, Principal Deputy Solicitor General, Department of Justice, Washington, D. C. (for United States, as amicus curiae.) For respondent: Joshua A. Block, New York, N. Y.
Sealed material received electronically from the United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia. The remainder of the record is electronic and is available on PACER.
Reply of petitioners West Virginia, et al. filed. (Distributed).
CIRCULATED
Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae and for divided argument GRANTED.
Record received from the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. The record is electronic and is available on PACER.
Brief amici curiae of Advocates for Girls' and Women's Rights filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of GLBTQ Legal Advocates and Defenders, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Constitutional Law Scholars filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Equal Protection Scholars filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Professor William N. Eskridge, Jr. filed.
Brief amicus curiae of Public Justice filed.
Brief amicus curiae of National Education Association filed.
Brief amicus curiae of California Women’s Law Center filed.
Brief amici curiae of Organization of American Historians, et al. filed.
Brief amicus curiae of National Fair Housing Alliance filed.
Brief amicus curiae of Andrew Flores filed.
Brief amici curiae of Professors of Constitutional Law filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Law And History Scholars filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Scholars of Equal Opportunity and Antidiscrimination Law filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Professional, Olympic, and International Athletes in Women’s Sports filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of American Psychological Association, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Members of Congress filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Coaches, Teammates, Competitors, and Allies of Transgender Athletes filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of New York, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Professor Joanna Harper, et al. filed. VIDED. (Corrected)
Amicus brief of Professor Joanna Harper, et al. not accepted for filing. (To be corrected - November 21, 2025)
Record requested from the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
Brief amici curiae of Federal Jurisdiction Scholars filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of National Women's Law Center filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Information Society Project filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Andraya Yearwood filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Practicing Pediatric Endocrinologists, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Transgender Law Center, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Title IX Scholars filed.
SET FOR ARGUMENT on Tuesday, January 13, 2026.
Brief of respondent B.P.J., by her next friend and mother, Heather Jackson filed.
Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae and for divided argument filed.
Brief amici curiae of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of the United States filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of 96 West Virginia Legislators filed.
Brief amici curiae of Female Athletes United, et al. filed.
Brief amici curiae of Advancing American Freedom, et al. filed.
Brief amici curiae of President of the Arizona State Senate Warren Petersen, et al. filed.
Brief amicus curiae of The American Civil Rights Project filed.
Brief amici curiae of John Adams Academies, et al. filed.
Brief amici curiae of State of Arkansas, et al. filed.
Brief amicus curiae of Equal Protection Project filed.
Brief amicus curiae of The American College of Pediatricians filed.
Brief amicus curiae of The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty filed.
Brief amicus curiae of Independent Women's Law Center filed.
Brief amici curiae of L. V., et al. filed.
Brief amici curiae of Pennsylvania School Board Directors filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Reem Alsalem United Nations Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women and Girls, its Causes and Consequences filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Women's Liberation Front filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Doctors of Sports Medicine filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of True Blue Sapphires, Inc. filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Defense of Freedom Institute for Policy Studies filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of America's Future, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Six High School Athletes filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of 48 Members of the Congress filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of 31 Olympians, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Center for American Liberty filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of American Association of Christian Schools, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Concerned Women for America, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Defending Education filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Sport Scientists filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of President Pro Tempore of the Idaho Senate Kelly Anthon, et al filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Interested Sports Physiologists filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Brief of Professors Richard J. Auchus, et al. in support of neither party filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Riley Gaines, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Independent Council On Women's Sports filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Sex Matters filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Do No Harm filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Business Leaders filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Mountain States Legal Foundation filed.
Brief amicus curiae of U.S. House of Representatives filed.
Brief amicus curiae of New Civil Liberties Alliance filed.
Amici brief of Emma Hilton, PhD, et al. not accepted for filing. (To be corrected - September 29, 2025)
Brief amici curiae of Emma Hilton, PhD, et al. filed. VIDED. (Corrected)
Brief amicus curiae of Dr. Mark Regnerus filed.
Brief amicus curiae of America First Legal Foundation filed.
Brief amicus curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Dr. Daniel Kodsi, et al. filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of A.C., a minor, by her next friend and mother Abigail Cross filed.
Brief amicus curiae of Liberty Counsel filed.
Brief amicus curiae of Women’s Declaration International USA filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of Dr. Brent Ellis, et al. filed.
Brief amicus curiae of NC Values Institute filed.
Amici brief of Dr. Brent Ellis, et al. not accepted for filing. (To be corrected - September 18, 2025)
Brief of petitioners West Virginia, et al. filed.
Joint appendix (10 volumes and 1 supplemental) filed. (Statement of costs filed)
Motion for an extension of time to file the briefs on the merits filed.
Motion to extend the time to file the briefs on the merits granted. The time to file the joint appendix and petitioners' brief on the merits is extended to and including September 12, 2025. The time to file respondent's brief on the merits is extended to and including November 10, 2025.
Petition GRANTED.
Supplemental brief of petitioners West Virginia, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Reply of petitioners West Virginia, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Brief of respondent B.P.J., by her next friend and mother, Heather Jackson in opposition filed.
Brief amici curiae of Billy Burleigh, et al. filed.
Brief amici curiae of Advancing American Freedom, et al. filed.
Brief amici curiae of A.C. a minor, by her next friend and mother Abigail Cross filed.
Brief amici curiae of America's Future, et al. filed.
Brief amicus curiae of The American Civil Rights Project filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of America First Legal Foundation filed.
Brief amici curiae of Concerned Women for America and Samaritan’s Purse filed.
Brief amicus curiae of Parents Defending Education filed.
Brief amici curiae of Business Leaders filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of Empowered Community Coalition, UA filed.
Amicus brief of Business Leaders not accepted for filing. (August 14, 2024) (corrected brief submitted)
Brief amicus curiae of Do No Harm (Aug. 22, 2024) filed.
Brief amicus curiae of Independent Council On Women's Sport filed. VIDED.
Brief amicus curiae of International Consortium On Female Sport filed. VIDED.
Brief amici curiae of 102 Female Athletes, et al. filed.
Brief amici curiae of Five Female Olympic Rowers filed.
Brief amici curiae of Arkansas, et al. filed.
Brief amicus curiae of NC Values Institute filed.
Brief amici curiae of Dr. Brent Ellis, President Spring Arbor University and the Wagner Center filed.
Brief amici curiae of 35 Athletic Officials and Coaches of Female Athletes filed. VIDED.
Waiver of right of respondent West Virginia Secondary School Activities Commission to respond filed.
Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted and the time is extended to and including October 15, 2024.
Motion to extend the time to file a response from August 15, 2024 to October 14, 2024, submitted to The Clerk.
Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due August 15, 2024)
Harrison County Board of Education and Dora Stutler, Petitioner, represented by Amy M. Smith
W. Clayton Burch, In His Official Capacity as State Superintendent, Petitioner, represented by Kelly Caswell Morgan
West Virginia, et al., Petitioner, represented by John J. Bursch
West Virginia, et al., Petitioner, represented by Michael Ray Williams
West Virginia State Board of Education, Petitioner, represented by Kelly Caswell Morgan
B.P.J., by her next friend and mother, Heather Jackson, Respondent, represented by Joshua A. Block
Harrison County Board of Education and Dora Stutler, in her capacity as Harrison County Superintendent, Respondent, represented by Susan Llewellyn Deniker
West Virginia Secondary School Activities Commission, Respondent, represented by Roberta F. Green
102 Female Athletes, Amicus Curiae, represented by Kristine Lee Brown
35 Athletic Officials and Coaches of Female Athletes, Amicus Curiae, represented by Anna Elizabeth Wagner St. John
48 Members of the Congress, Amicus Curiae, represented by Bryan Howard Beauman
96 West Virginia Legislators, Amicus Curiae, represented by Joseph Scott St. John
A.C. a minor, by her next friend and mother Abigail Cross, Amicus Curiae, represented by Nicholas J. Nelson
A.C., a minor, by her next friend and mother Abigail Cross, Amicus Curiae, represented by Rita Martin Peters
Advancing American Freedom, Amicus Curiae, represented by John Marc Wheat
Advocates for Girls' and Women's Rights, Amicus Curiae, represented by Tara C. Ford
America First Legal Foundation, Amicus Curiae, represented by Christopher E. Mills
American Association of Christian Schools, et al., Amicus Curiae, represented by Tim Newton
American Psychological Association, National Association of Social Workers, American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, Amicus Curiae, represented by Jessica Ring Amunson
America's Future, Public Advocate of the United States, Eagle Forum, Eagle Forum Foundation, Clare Boothe Luce Center for Cons. Women, Leadership Institute, U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Def. Fund, Fitzgerald Griffin Foundation, One Nation Under God Foundation, and Conservative Legal Def. and Education Fund, Amicus Curiae, represented by William Jeffrey Olson
America's Future, Public Advocate of the United States, Public Advocate Foundation, Clare Boothe Luce Center for Conservative Women, U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Defense Fund, One Nation Under God Foundation, and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, Amicus Curiae, represented by William Jeffrey Olson
Andraya Yearwood, Amicus Curiae, represented by Gene Micah Wissinger
Andrew Flores, Amicus Curiae, represented by David A. Barrett
Arkansas, et al., Amicus Curiae, represented by Nicholas Jacob Bronni
Billy Burleigh, KathyGrace Duncan, Laura Perry Smalts, and Jane Smith, Amicus Curiae, represented by Joshua Kerry Payne
Brief of Professors Richard J. Auchus, David J. Handelsman, Sandra K. Hunter, Michael J. Joyner, Benjamin D. Levine, and Virginia M. Miller, Amicus Curiae, represented by James E. Coleman Jr.
Business Leaders, Amicus Curiae, represented by Jonathan Radford Whitehead
California Women’s Law Center, Amicus Curiae, represented by Elizabeth Kristen
Center for American Liberty, Amicus Curiae, represented by Joshua Wallace Dixon
Coaches, Teammates, Competitors, and Allies of Transgender Athletes, Amicus Curiae, represented by Brian Matthew Boynton
Concerned Women for America and Samaritan’s Purse, Amicus Curiae, represented by Christopher E. Mills
Constitutional Accountability Center, Amicus Curiae, represented by Brianne Jenna Gorod
Constitutional Law Scholars in Support of Respondents, Amicus Curiae, represented by Benjamin Blystad Gould
Defense of Freedom Institute for Policy Studies, Amicus Curiae, represented by Donald A. Daugherty Jr.
Doctors of Sports Medicine, Amicus Curiae, represented by Sean Paul Gates
Do No Harm, Amicus Curiae, represented by David H. Thompson
Dr. Brent Ellis, President Spring Arbor University and the Wagner Center, Amicus Curiae, represented by William Wagner
Dr. Daniel Kodsi, Mr. John Maier, Prof. Robert George and 21 Other Philosophers, Amicus Curiae, represented by Jonathan Zak Ritchie
Dr. Mark Regnerus, Amicus Curiae, represented by Edward Charles Wilde
Emma Hilton PhD and the International Consortium on Female Sport, Amicus Curiae, represented by William Bock III
Empowered Community Coalition, UA, Amicus Curiae, represented by Luke Nathaniel Berg
Equal Protection Project, Amicus Curiae, represented by Timothy Ray Snowball
Equal Protection Scholars, Amicus Curiae, represented by Jacob Max Rosen
Federal Jurisdiction Scholars, Amicus Curiae, represented by Lawrence S. Lustberg
Female Athletes United, Selina Soule, Chelsea Mitchell, and Alanna Smith, Amicus Curiae, represented by Samuel Joseph Salario Jr.
Five Female Olympic Rowers, Amicus Curiae, represented by Emily Eileen Jones
GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders and National Center for LGBTQ Rights, Amicus Curiae, represented by Sambo Dul
Independent Council On Women's Sport, Amicus Curiae, represented by William Bock III
Independent Women's Law Center, Amicus Curiae, represented by Gene Clayton Schaerr
Information Society Project at Yale Law School, Amicus Curiae, represented by Priscilla J. Smith
Interested Sports Physiologists, Amicus Curiae, represented by Kyle Douglas Hawkins
International Consortium On Female Sport, Amicus Curiae, represented by William Bock III
John Adams Academies, Chino Valley Unified School District, Temecula Valley Unified School District, Murrieta Valley Unified School District, Perris Union High School District, Placer Union High School District, Kern County Board of Education, and Orange County Board of Education, Amicus Curiae, represented by Erin Elizabeth Mersino
Law And History Scholars, Amicus Curiae, represented by Chad Michael Eggspuehler
Liberty Counsel, Amicus Curiae, represented by Mathew D. Staver
L.V., J.S., S.P., and Empowered Community Coalition, UA, Amicus Curiae, represented by Luke Nathaniel Berg
Members of Congress, Amicus Curiae, represented by Conor Denali Tucker
Mountain States Legal Foundation, Amicus Curiae, represented by William E. Trachman
National Education Association, Amicus Curiae, represented by Alice Margaret O'Brien
National Fair Housing Alliance, Amicus Curiae, represented by Sasha Minh Samberg-Champion
National Women's Law Center, Amicus Curiae, represented by Kaitlyn Alissa Golden
NC Values Institute, Amicus Curiae, represented by Deborah Dewart
New Civil Liberties Alliance, Amicus Curiae, represented by Katherine Brady Norman
Organization of American Historians, the LGBTQ+ History Association, and Historian Scholars, Amicus Curiae, represented by M. Norman Goldberger
Parents Defending Education, Amicus Curiae, represented by John Michael Connolly
Pennsylvania School Board Directors, Amicus Curiae, represented by Randall L. Wenger
Practicing Pediatric Endocrinologists and Pediatricians, Amicus Curiae, represented by Thomas E. Redburn Jr.
President of the Arizona State Senate Warren Petersen and Speaker of the Arizona House of Representatives Steve Montenegro, Amicus Curiae, represented by Justin Daniel Smith
President Pro Tempore of the Idaho Senate Kelly Anthon and Speaker of the Idaho House of Representatives Mike Moyle, Amicus Curiae, represented by Judd Edward Stone II
Professional, Olympic, and International Athletes in Women’s Sports, Amicus Curiae, represented by Kelly M. Dermody
Professors Joanna Harper, Philip Chilibeck, and Carol Ewing Graber, Amicus Curiae, represented by Lisa Adrienne Ells
Professors of Constitutional Law, Amicus Curiae, represented by Laura Nicole Ferguson
Professor William N. Eskridge Jr., Amicus Curiae, represented by Trisha B. Anderson
Public Justice, Amicus Curiae, represented by Alexandra Zoe Brodsky
Reem Alsalem United Nations Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women and Girls, its Causes and Consequences, Amicus Curiae, represented by Teresa Stanton Collett
Riley Gaines and 32 College Athletes, Amicus Curiae, represented by William Bock III
Scholars of Equal Opportunity and Antidiscrimination Law, Amicus Curiae, represented by Suzanne Beth Goldberg
Sex Matters, Amicus Curiae, represented by John Clay Sullivan
Six High School Athletes, Amicus Curiae, represented by Brian Kirk Kelsey
Sport Scientists, Amicus Curiae, represented by Michelle Shamblin Stratton
State of Arkansas, Amicus Curiae, represented by Autumn Hamit Patterson
States of New York, Hawai‘i, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington, and the District of Columbia, Amicus Curiae, represented by Barbara Dale Underwood
The American Civil Rights Project, Amicus Curiae, represented by Daniel Isaac Morenoff
The American College of Pediatricians, Amicus Curiae, represented by Edward Howard Trent
The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty, Amicus Curiae, represented by Laura Elizabeth Wolk Slavis
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, et al., Amicus Curiae, represented by Richard Shawn Gunnarson
The Transgender Law Center, Genders & Sexualities Alliance Network, and PFLAG, Inc., Amicus Curiae, represented by Anthony David Sbardellati
Title IX Scholars, Amicus Curiae, represented by Mary Patricia Rohmiller
True Blue Sapphires, Inc., Amicus Curiae, represented by Jay Randall Carson
United States, Amicus Curiae, represented by D. John Sauer
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Amicus Curiae, represented by Benjamin Michael Flowers
U.S. House of Representatives, Amicus Curiae, represented by Matthew B. Berry
Women’s Declaration International USA, Amicus Curiae, represented by Kara Patrice Dansky
Women's Liberation Front, Amicus Curiae, represented by Nancy Karoline Stade